Parmesan cheese (or Grana Padano)

Description

Parmesan (Parmigiano-Reggiano) or its cheaper relative Grana Padano are hard, aged cheeses with an intense, nutty-umami flavor and a grainy, crumbly texture ranging from straw to light golden color. They are rich in protein, calcium, and phosphorus, providing vitamins A and B12, as well as easily digestible amino acids and bioactive peptides; at the same time, they are calorie-dense and relatively high in salt, so it's best to use them in moderation. In the kitchen, they pair wonderfully with Italian dishes — as a grated topping for pasta, risotto, soups, and salads, as well as an addition to a cheese board or for flavoring sauces. Store them in the fridge wrapped in parchment paper and loosely in plastic wrap or special cheese paper, avoiding excessive moisture; grated cheese can be stored in an airtight container, and longer freezing affects the texture, although it is suitable for cooking.